Developments in CT technology during the last 20 years have impressively improved its diagnostic potentialities. Part of a two-volume set that covers all aspects of CT imaging, Multi-Detector CT Imaging: Abdomen, Pelvis, and CAD Applications contains easily searchable clinical specialty chapters that provide specific information without need of an index. The coverage goes far beyond just a "how-to" or an encyclopedia of findings, however. The authors have uniformly put techniques, clinical findings, pathologic disease presentations, and clinical implications in practical perspective. It is no wonder that with the critical role CT plays and the rapid innovations in computer technology that advances in the capabilities and complexity of CT imaging continue to evolve. While information about these developments may be scattered about in journals and other resources, this two-volume set provides an authoritative, up-to-date, and educational reference that covets the entire spectrum of CT.

Written by an interdisciplinary team of medical doctors, computer scientists, physicists, engineers, and mathematicians, Correction Techniques in Emission Tomography presents various correction methods used in emission tomography to generate and enhance images. It discusses the techniques from a computer science, mathematics, and physics viewpoint.

The book gives a comprehensive overview of correction techniques at different levels of the data processing workflow. It covers nuclear medicine imaging, hybrid emission tomography (PET-CT, SPECT-CT, PET-MRI, PET-ultrasound), and optical imaging (fluorescence molecular tomography). It illustrates basic principles as well as recent advances, such as model-based iterative algorithms and 4D methods. An important aspect of the book is on new and sophisticated motion correction techniques in PET imaging. These techniques enable high-resolution, high-quality images, leading to better imaging analysis and image-based diagnostics.

Reflecting state-of-the-art research, this volume explores the range of problems that occur in emission tomography. It looks at how the resulting images are affected and presents practical compensation methods to overcome the problems and improve the images.

Computed tomography of the heart and cardiovascular system continues to show an impressive and tremendously successful development. Technical improvements translate into new applications and enhanced diagnostic accuracy and the new diagnostic opportunities may potentially be beneficial for many individuals with known or suspected cardiovascular disease. In order to assure that the potential of cardiovascular CT will optimally be used for patient care, a continued, strong joint effort concerning education and training, further research, and advocacy will be necessary. The combined knowledge, experience, and input of all clinicians and researchers in the field will best serve that purpose. Cardiovascular Computed Tomography is the first textbook to cover the heart, cardiovascular and peripheral vascular systems and will provide the reader with the necessary background information to perform cardiac CT on symptomatic patients and asymptomatic individuals for the accurate assessment of underlying disease.

Cardiovascular medicine has witnessed significant progress over the past century, incorporating the technical advances of each era to improve patient care. The introduction of the stethoscope, electrocardiography, roentgenography, angiography, invasive hemodynamics, ultrasonography, nuclear scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance have each, in turn, allowed progressively greater accuracy and precision in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. The advent of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) using 64 detector rows provides the next leap forward in cardiovascular care by delivering on the promise of high-resolution visualization of cardiovascular structure and function noninvasively. Cardiovascular Multidetector CT Angiography demonstrates the clinical context within which this technology is useful for individual patient assessment, providing the technical information needed to perform cardiovascular CTA and focusing on the spectrum of clinical applications. Written by acknowledged experts in the CTA arena, the book contains an abundance of 64-slice images-the highest technical resolution available-to identify disease states. Topics covered include normal cardiac anatomy, abnormal coronary arteries, coronary anomalies, artifacts, left and right ventricular function and abnormalities, valvular heart disease, pericardium, and the aorta. The book also discusses cardiac masses, cardiac veins, peripheral artery disease, and congenital heart disease. Demonstrating the application of cardiovascular multidetector computed tomography from the perspective of patient care, the book is composed entirely of case studies-an excellent format for teaching those just beginning to work with CTA. The book is designed for cardiologists and radiologists alike, as well as primary care physicians, medical students, and other health care professionals who have the opportunity to use this technology to improve diagnosis and treatment for their patients with cardiovascular disease.

Given that for centuries, the standard tool to understand diseases in tissues was the microscope and that its major limitation was that only excised tissue could be used, recent technology now permits the examination of diseased tissue in vivo. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has promising potential when applied to coronary artery disease. OCT has the capability to identify coronary plaque and to distinguish between plaques that are stable and unstable. If the plaques are stable then OCT can direct percutaneous intervention (angioplasty or stenting). Optical coherence tomography is a light-based imaging technology that allows for very high resolution imaging in biological tissues. It has been first applied in ophthalmology, where it soon became the golden standard for the assessment of (epi-) retinal processes. The unique imaging capabilities have raised the interest of researchers and clinicians in the field of cardiovascular disease, since OCT offers unique possibilities to study atherosclerosis pathophysiology in vivo. With over 1.1M Americans having a heart attack this year because of unstable plaque rupture, OCT may have an increasingly important role in the early diagnosis of coronary artery disease. This unique publication offers the reader the basic background to OCT and its role in the diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease. The Handbook of Optical Coherence Tomography in Cardiovascular Research introduces the cardiovascular application of this technology. Clinicians, biologists, engineers and physicist are discussing different aspects of cardiovascular OCT application in a multidisciplinary approach. The handbook offers the readership a concise overview on the current state of the art of vascular OCT imaging and sheds light on a variety of exciting new developments. The physics, technical principles of OCT and its application in a broad spectrum of cardiovascular research areas are summarized by highly recognized specialists. The potential of OCT in peripheral and coronary arteries and in developmental cardiology are described. Each research area is introduced by a clinical expert in the field followed by discussion of different aspects from an engineering, biomedical and clinical perspective. Specifically, the current capabilities for plaque characterization, detection of vulnerable plaque, guidance of interventional procedures, Doppler-assessment, and molecular contrast imaging are being described. The Handbook of Optical Coherence Tomography in Cardiovascular Research targets researchers and clinicians involved in the field of atherosclerosis. The summary of basic physics, engineering solutions, pre-clinical and clinical application covers all relevant aspects and will be a valuable reference source.

Plant remains can preserve a critical part of history of life on Earth. While telling the fascinating evolutionary story of plants and vegetation across the last 500 million years, this book also crucially offers non-specialists a practical guide to studying, dealing with and interpreting plant fossils. It shows how various techniques can be used to reveal the secrets of plant fossils and how to identify common types, such as compressions and impressions. Incorporating the concepts of evolutionary floras, this second edition includes revised data on all main plant groups, the latest approaches to naming plant fossils using fossil-taxa and techniques such as tomography. With extensive illustrations of plant fossils and living plants, the book encourages readers to think of fossils as once-living organisms. It is written for students on introductory or intermediate courses in palaeobotany, palaeontology, plant evolutionary biology and plant science, and for amateurs interested in studying plant fossils.

This up-to-date treatment of recent developments in geometric inverse problems introduces graduate students and researchers to an exciting area of research. With an emphasis on the two-dimensional case, topics covered include geodesic X-ray transforms, boundary rigidity, tensor tomography, attenuated X-ray transforms and the Calderon problem. The presentation is self-contained and begins with the Radon transform and radial sound speeds as motivating examples. The required geometric background is developed in detail in the context of simple manifolds with boundary. An in-depth analysis of various geodesic X-ray transforms is carried out together with related uniqueness, stability, reconstruction and range characterization results. Highlights include a proof of boundary rigidity for simple surfaces as well as scattering rigidity for connections. The concluding chapter discusses current open problems and related topics. The numerous exercises and examples make this book an excellent self-study resource or text for a one-semester course or seminar.

PET in Clinical Oncology describes the use of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in the diagnosis and management of malignant tumors. Experts from Germany and the United States present basics, technical details, and clinical aspects for both standard and new PET techniques. The book illustrates the importance of PET in comparison to other imaging techniques.
Generously supplemented with charts, tables, and illustrations, each chapter provides the reader with well-delineated descriptions, from the basic technical situation through the clinical use of PET. This book is helpful to all those dealing with the diagnosis and therapy of cancer.

Since its clinical introduction almost 20 years ago, cardiac CT has been embraced as an indispensable noninvasive cardiac imaging modality and an important first-line test for coronary artery disease. Beyond coronary artery disease, the potential of cardiac CT has become evident for diagnosis and guidance of treatment in a variety of other cardiac pathologies, including valvular disease, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias, endocarditis, cardiac masses, cardiomyopathies, and others. The European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) has declared as one of their foremost priorities to facilitate education and training in cardiovascular CT through teaching courses, congresses, and a structured certification program. This handbook represents an important step towards dissemination of skills and knowledge in cardiovascular CT. It is a concise and practical companion, to benefit students, trainees or advanced users; cardiologists, radiologists, cardiac surgeons or technicians, in their everyday practice. Four broad sections cover technical aspects and physical background, coronary indications (e.g. coronary CT angiography, atherosclerosis imaging, stents & bypasses, functional CT imaging, etc.), non-coronary indications (CT for valve disease, infective endocarditis, CT of the left atrium, congenital heart disease, cardiac masses, extracardiac findings, etc.), and finally training and competence in cardiac CT. The handbook features short chapters, enriched with illustrations, tables and condensed summaries, facilitating rapid and intuitive access.

Computed Tomography gives a detailed overview of various aspects of computed tomography. It discusses X-ray CT tomography from a historical point of view, the design and physical operating principles of computed tomography apparatus, the algorithms of image reconstruction and the quality assessment criteria of tomography scanners. Algorithms of image reconstruction from projections, a crucial problem in medical imaging, are considered in depth. The author gives descriptions of the reconstruction methods related to tomography scanners with a parallel X-ray beam, trough solutions with fan-shaped beam and successive modifications of spiral scanners. Computed Tomography contains a dedicated chapter for those readers who are interested in computer simulations based on studies of reconstruction algorithms. The information included in this chapter will enable readers to create a simulation environment in which virtual tomography projections can be obtained in all basic projection systems. This monograph is a valuable study on computed tomography that will be of interest to advanced students and researchers in the fields of biomedical engineering, medical electronics, computer science and medicine.

Nuclear Medicine is a diagnostic modality which aims to image and in some cases quantify physiological processes in the body to highlight disease or injury. Within nuclear medicine, over the past few decades, major technological changes have occurred and concomitantly changes in the knowledge and skills required have had to evolve. One of the most significant technological changes has been the fusion of imaging technologies, to create hybrid systems such as SPECT/CT, PET/CT and PET/MR. With these changes in mind, Practical SPECT/CT in Nuclear Medicine provides a handy and informative guide to the purchase, clinical implementation and routine use of a SPECT/CT scanner. Practical SPECT/CT in Nuclear Medicine will be a valuable resource for all personnel working in nuclear medicine and it will be of particular value to trainees.

Key Features: 1. Covers the entire spectrum of cardiovascular computed tomography, this 3rd edition provides a concise and practical text focused on the essential material. 2. Addresses the needs of radiologists and cardiologists who practice cardiac imaging, both experienced and beginners, providing technical and practical aspects of MDCT for cardiovascular applications, especially from the perspective of clinicians. 3. Contains new material covering recent developments in CT scanner technology and clinical indications.

This book presents the proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance, ICEBI 2007, combined with the 8th Conference on Electrical Impedance Tomography, held at the Graz University of Technology in Graz, Austria, in August 2007.

Written by an interdisciplinary team of medical doctors, computer scientists, physicists, engineers, and mathematicians, Correction Techniques in Emission Tomography presents various correction methods used in emission tomography to generate and enhance images. It discusses the techniques from a computer science, mathematics, and physics viewpoint. The book gives a comprehensive overview of correction techniques at different levels of the data processing workflow. It covers nuclear medicine imaging, hybrid emission tomography (PET-CT, SPECT-CT, PET-MRI, PET-ultrasound), and optical imaging (fluorescence molecular tomography). It illustrates basic principles as well as recent advances, such as model-based iterative algorithms and 4D methods. An important aspect of the book is on new and sophisticated motion correction techniques in PET imaging. These techniques enable high-resolution, high-quality images, leading to better imaging analysis and image-based diagnostics. Reflecting state-of-the-art research, this volume explores the range of problems that occur in emission tomography. It looks at how the resulting images are affected and presents practical compensation methods to overcome the problems and improve the images.

High-speed anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a non-contact method for high resolution cross-sectional and three-dimensional imaging of the cornea and the anterior segment of the eye. As the first text completely devoted to this topic, ""Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography"" comprehensively explains both the scientific principles and the clinical applications of this exciting and advancing technology.""Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography"" enhances surgical planning and postoperative care for a variety of anterior segment applications by expertly explaining how abnormalities in the anterior chamber angle, cornea, iris, and lens can be identified and evaluated using the Visante OCT[trademark].Inside ""Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography"", Dr. Roger Steinert and Dr. David Huang, along with 14 of the field's leading professionals, provide a wealth of useful clinical and physiological material about this new diagnostic imaging technique. Valuable images are included to assist in the pre- and postoperative assessment of various anterior segment disorders. Additionally, this unique resource contains detailed information on biometric measurements to enhance diagnostic capability.On the leading edge of anterior segment imaging, this book covers: Mapping of corneal thickness and keratoconus evaluation; Measurement of LASIK flap and stromal bed thickness; Visualization and measurement of anterior chamber angle and diagnosis of narrow angle glaucoma; Measuring the dimensions of the anterior chamber and assessing the fit of intraocular lens implants; Visualizing and measuring the results of corneal implants and lamellar procedures; and Imaging through corneal opacity to see internal eye structures.With the increase in popularity of anterior chamber imaging, and anterior segment OCT proving to be the best tool for high resolution biometry, ""Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography"" is a must-have for anterior segment, refractive, cornea, and glaucoma surgeons.

Clinical CT: Techniques and Practice aims to give radiographers working in CT on a regular basis an extended knowledge of CT protocols and how they should be adapted to optimise image quality. It uses relevant clinical examples to demonstrate the advantages of the suggested techniques, which may not yet be in use in all hospitals. It covers all but the most rare of pathologies and will therefore also serve as a useful single reference for the busy radiographer.

CT scanning is now an integral part of everyday diagnostic procedure, yet the imaging technique must be good if the diagnosis is to be accurated. Here is the book that shows how to guarantee good CT scans Patient preparation, slice thickness, IV contrast and other pieces to the puzzle of successful scanning are fully described. The consistent format allows easy cross referencing throughout the book. The sequences and protocols in this simple guidebook provide a sound basis which can be altered and adapted to suit individual needs. Practical CT Techniques has been written especially for radiographers, but junior radiologists working with CT for the first time will find it to be a useful introduction, too.

The conference was devoted to the discussion of present and future techniques in medical imaging, including 3D x-ray CT, ultrasound and diffraction tomography, and biomagnetic ima- ging. The mathematical models, their theoretical aspects and the development of algorithms were treated. The proceedings contains surveys on reconstruction in inverse obstacle scat- tering, inversion in 3D, and constrained least squares pro- blems.Research papers include besides the mentioned imaging techniques presentations on image reconstruction in Hilbert spaces, singular value decompositions, 3D cone beam recon- struction, diffuse tomography, regularization of ill-posed problems, evaluation reconstruction algorithms and applica- tions in non-medical fields. Contents: Theoretical Aspects: J.Boman: Helgason' s support theorem for Radon transforms-a newproof and a generalization -P.Maass: Singular value de- compositions for Radon transforms- W.R.Madych: Image recon- struction in Hilbert space -R.G.Mukhometov: A problem of in- tegral geometry for a family of rays with multiple reflec- tions -V.P.Palamodov: Inversion formulas for the three-di- mensional ray transform - Medical Imaging Techniques: V.Friedrich: Backscattered Photons - are they useful for a surface - near tomography - P.Grangeat: Mathematical frame- work of cone beam 3D reconstruction via the first derivative of the Radon transform -P.Grassin, B.Duchene, W.Tabbara: Dif- fraction tomography: some applications and extension to 3D ultrasound imaging -F.A.Gr}nbaum: Diffuse tomography: a re- fined model -R.Kress, A.Zinn: Three dimensional reconstruc- tions in inverse obstacle scattering -A.K.Louis: Mathemati- cal questions of a biomagnetic imaging problem - Inverse Problems and Optimization: Y.Censor: On variable block algebraic reconstruction techniques -P.P.Eggermont: On Volterra-Lotka differential equations and multiplicative algorithms for monotone complementary problems

The 1991 International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging (IPMI '91) is the twelfth in the series and was held in Wye College, part of the University of London. The purpose of IPMI is to provide a forum for the detailed examination of methodological issues in computing which are at the heart of advances in medical image formation, manipulation and interpretation. This volume presents the proceedings of IPMI '91. Full-length scientific papers describing the latest techniques and results are organized into the following nine sections: - Image formation and reconstruction - Incorporation of priors in tomographic reconstruction - Multi-modal registration - Segmentation: specific applications - Segmentation: multi-scale, surfaces and topology - Anatomical models and variability - Factor analysis - Rule based systems and learning - Image quality, display and interaction. The volume also includes a set of color plates and a subject index. The book provides an up-to-date account of current work in the expanding and fast-moving area of image processing and medical imaging, and gives an overview of work at all the key centers researching in this area. It will prove an invaluable asset to all researchers working in the area and to the libraries of organizations involved in imaging research.

Computed tomography of the heart and cardiovascular system continues to show an impressive and tremendously successful development. Technical improvements translate into new applications and enhanced diagnostic accuracy and the new diagnostic opportunities may potentially be beneficial for many individuals with known or suspected cardiovascular disease. In order to assure that the potential of cardiovascular CT will optimally be used for patient care, a continued, strong joint effort concerning education and training, further research, and advocacy will be necessary. The combined knowledge, experience, and input of all clinicians and researchers in the field will best serve that purpose. Cardiovascular Computed Tomography is the first textbook to cover the heart, cardiovascular and peripheral vascular systems and will provide the reader with the necessary background information to perform cardiac CT on symptomatic patients and asymptomatic individuals for the accurate assessment of underlying disease.

This book, written by premier authors in the field of OCT intravascular imaging, covers the best practices for using OCT to provide high resolution cross-sectional viewing for atherosclerotic plaque assessment, stent strut coverage and apposition, assessment in stent restenosis evaluation, and PCI guide and optimization. Fully illustrated thorughout in a handy, cath-lab side handbook supplemented by online movie clips, OCT Made Easy includes case studies, angiography, CT correlations, and simple techniques for getting the best image.

Tomography provides three-dimensional images of heterogeneous materials or engineering components, and offers an unprecedented insight into their internal structure. By using X-rays generated by synchrotrons, neutrons from nuclear reactors, or electrons provided by transmission electron microscopes, hitherto invisible structures can be revealed which are not accessible to conventional tomography based on X-ray tubes.
This book is mainly written for applied physicists, materials scientists and engineers. It provides detailed descriptions of the recent developments in this field, especially the extension of tomography to materials research and engineering. The book is grouped into four parts: a general introduction into the principles of tomography, image analysis and the interactions between radiation and matter, and one part each for synchrotron X-ray tomography, neutron tomography, and electron tomography. Within these parts, individual chapters written by different authors describe important versions of tomography, and also provide examples of applications to demonstrate the capacity of the methods. The accompanying CD-ROM contains some typical data sets and programs to reconstruct, analyse and visualise the three-dimensional data.

CT signs of early cerebral infarction are subtle within the first 6 hours after symptom onset, but important to recognize. The CT reading panel of ECASS wants to share its experience by publishing this series of early CT scans from study patients in order to improve early recognition of ischemic infarction by CT and thus to improve patient care, and to provide material for practice. In this book each CT scan can be read with and without neuroradiological description. Follow-up scans of each case confirm early findings.

The "PET and PET/CT Study Guide" presents a comprehensive review of nuclear medicine principles and concepts necessary for passing PET specialty board examinations. The practice questions and content are similar to those found on the Nuclear Medicine Technology Certification Board (NMTCB) exam, allowing test takers to maximize their chances of success. The book is organized by test sections of increasing difficulty, with over 650 multiple-choice questions covering all areas of positron emission tomography, including radiation safety; radionuclides; instrumentation and quality control; patient care; and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Detailed answers and explanations to the practice questions follow. Supplementary appendices include common formulas, numbers, and abbreviations, along with a glossary of terms for easy access by readers. The "PET and PET/CT" "Study Guide" is a valuable reference for nuclear medicine technologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and all other imaging professionals in need of a concise review of the basics of PET and PET/CT imaging.

Authoritative, clinically oriented, and unique in the field, Computed Body Tomography with MRI Correlation, 5th Edition is your one-stop reference for current information on CT and MRI in all aspects of adult and pediatric congenital and acquired disorders. This comprehensive text uses an easy-to-navigate format to deliver complete, well-illustrated coverage of the most current CT and MRI techniques for thorax, abdomen, pelvis and musculoskeletal systems in both adult and pediatric populations. The fully revised 5th Edition is a complete reference for residents, fellows, and attending radiologists, as well as clinicians in other specialties who are interested in CT and MRI evaluation of both common and less common disorders encountered in daily practice. A comprehensive resource of current CT and MRI techniques and practical clinical applications for evaluating the spectrum of congenital and acquired disorders in both adult and pediatric populations. Reflects the latest technological advances of the last decade: multidetector CT (MDCT) with 2D, 3D, and 4D that have revolutionized cross-sectional imaging evaluation, dual-energy CT and advancements to 3T and 7T magnets, and newer and faster MRI sequences and multi-channel coils. Clinically focused throughout, offering a system-by-system review of the normal anatomy and variants and management for specific disorders including: clinical presentation, characteristic imaging findings, differential diagnosis, and technical and interpretive pitfalls. More than 5,000 images and 2,000 new cases throughout. Section III: Pediatric Applications includes completely new and expanded content, all-new figures, and the addition of a new introductory chapter on Fetal Evaluation. Completely revised and rewritten by new contributing authors and editors, all distinguished radiologists from the teaching hospitals affiliated with Harvard Medical School: Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Beth Israel and Deaconess Medical Center, and Boston Children's Hospital. Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.