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Artificial Invention - Synthesis of Innovative Thermal Networks, Power Cycles, Process Flowsheets and Other Systems (Paperback)
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Artificial Invention - Synthesis of Innovative Thermal Networks, Power Cycles, Process Flowsheets and Other Systems (Paperback)
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This dissertation proposes a computational technique for automated
"invention" of conceptual schemes of thermal systems. The input
provided to the automated problem solver is a description of the
streams entering and leaving the system. The output is a network of
elementary processes: compression, expansion, heating, cooling, and
chemical processes. The problem solver seeks a network that is
feasible, and offers an optimal (or at least favorable) combination
of energy and capital costs. The synthesis process is modeled as a
heuristic search conducted in a state-space of all possible design
versions. The main ideas of the dissertation have been implemented
in a computer program called TED, which invented a number of
nontrivial schemes. TED starts with an initial state (or states),
which may be either proposed by the user or generated
automatically. TED evaluates each state using a special technique
of exergy analysis applied to an infinitesimal temperature
interval. This allows us to describe the thermal system by several
integral characteristics which are functions of temperature. One
particularly important integral characteristic - a measure of
system's Second Law infeasibility - is introduced in this work; it
allows a uniform treatment of both feasible and infeasible design
states. TED then selects the most promising of the available
designs. This selection is guided by a specialized search algorithm
BP* which is shown to be probabilistically admissible. The results
of the exergy analysis are used to perform a look-ahead evaluation
of the design states. BP* also uses backpropagation of the state
evaluation function to reduce the amount of backtracking. TED then
improves the selecteddesign by applying one of the transforming
operators and thereby generating a new design. Each transformation
involves addition of an incremental network of thermal processes to
the original state and reduces either irreversibility (exergy loss)
or infeasibility of the thermal system. The application of the
transformations is controlled by a heuristic move generation
function that selects the most promising transformations. The new
design is added to the database of the available design states. The
search continues with these evaluate-select-transform iterations
until an (approximately) optimal design is found.
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