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Regulating the Polluters - Markets and Strategies for Protecting the Global Environment (Hardcover)
Loot Price: R3,307
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Regulating the Polluters - Markets and Strategies for Protecting the Global Environment (Hardcover)
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National governments and private stakeholders have long recognized
that protecting the global environment requires international
cooperation. Climate change, tropical deforestation, biodiversity
loss, ozone depletion, hazardous wastes, and ocean pollution are
among several issues that have brought national governments
together to alleviate the consequences of environmental
degradation. As they have worked to mitigate these global problems,
national governments have developed a wide variety of environmental
regime designs. But why have national governments created different
international rules and institutions to address global
environmental issues? Some national environmental regimes are more
institutionally integrated, some have relatively narrow mandates,
some have legally binding obligations while others do not, and some
obligations are determined through multilateral negotiations while
others are nationally determined. In other words, what explains the
pattern of regime designs in global environmental governance?
Alexander Ovodenko argues that this variation can be explained by
looking to a dynamic that has been thus far downplayed by the
literature on global environmental governance: the structures of
industries regulated by environmental rules. Specifically, it
argues (contra the dominant literature) that it is far easier to
attach binding international agreements to oligopolistic industries
than those that are fragmented. While concentrated global producers
are likely to be more politically influential and thus in a
position to shape environmental governance, they are also in a much
better position to comply with such agreements as they have both
sufficient capital resources and the technological capacity to
innovate by adopting "greener" technologies. In other words, the
sources of their political influence make them the best and most
efficient options for mitigating global pollution. By contrast, it
is much more difficult for governments to regulate small-scale
producers since such firms and their consumers are much more price
sensitive, and these firms have limited resources to devote to
compliance. Regulating the Polluters inverts the literature on
regulatory capture and collective action by presenting empirical
evidence of the irony of market power in global environmental
politics.
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