The invasion was launched to round off Hitler's Balkan Campaign
against Crete in May 1941. The Island was important to Britain's
control of the Eastern Mediterranean and Churchill was determined
that the Island would be held.
The British garrison was largely made up of New Zealand and
Australian troops who had been evacuated from Greece, with little
more that what they stood up in. On the other hand the German
Commander, Kurt Student, had overwhelming air superiority, which
negated the Allied naval superiority. But the Germans had almost
fatally underestimated the number of Allied troops.
While British, New Zealand and Australian soldiers, however,
showed what they were capable of, the battle for Crete was
eventually won through sheer nerve, the confidence of the German
soldier in his superiority and the power of the Luftwaffe. That
said, the cost in killed and wounded was such that Hitler would
never again contemplate another large airborne operation.
General
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