The philosophy of perception is a microcosm of the metaphysics
of mind. Its central problems -- What is perception? What is the
nature of perceptual consciousness? How can one fit an account of
perceptual experience into a broader account of the nature of the
mind and the world? -- are at the heart of metaphysics. Rather than
try to cover all of the many strands in the philosophy of
perception, this book focuses on a particular orthodoxy about the
nature of visual perception.
The central problem for visual science has been to explain how
the brain bridges the gap between what is given to the visual
system and what is actually experienced by the perceiver. The
orthodox view of perception is that it is a process whereby the
brain, or a dedicated subsystem of the brain, builds up
representations of relevant figures of the environment on the basis
of information encoded by the sensory receptors. Most adherents of
the orthodox view also believe that for every conscious perceptual
state of the subject, there is a particular set of neurons whose
activities are sufficient for the occurrence of that state. Some of
the essays in this book defend the orthodoxy; most criticize it;
and some propose alternatives to it. Many of the essays are
classics. The contributors include, among others, G.E.M. Anscombe,
Dana Ballard, Daniel Dennett, Fred Dretske, Jerry Fodor, H.P.
Grice, David Marr, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Zenon Pylyshyn, Paul
Snowdon, and P.F. Strawson.
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