Originally a sect within the Anglican church, Methodism
blossomed into a dominant mainstream religion in America during the
nineteenth century. At the beginning, though, Methodists
constituted a dissenting religious group whose ideas about
sexuality, marriage, and family were very different from those of
their contemporaries.Focusing on the Methodist notion of family
that cut across biological ties, "One Family Under God" speaks to
historical debates over the meaning of family and how the nuclear
family model developed over the eighteenth century. Historian Anna
M. Lawrence demonstrates that Methodists adopted flexible
definitions of affection and allegiance and emphasized extended
communal associations that enabled them to incorporate people
outside the traditional boundaries of family. They used the
language of romantic, ecstatic love to describe their religious
feelings and the language of the nuclear family to describe their
bonds to one another. In this way, early Methodism provides a
useful lens for exploring eighteenth-century modes of family, love,
and authority, as Methodists grappled with the limits of familial
and social authority in their extended religious family.Methodists
also married and formed conjugal families within this larger
spiritual framework. Evangelical modes of marriage called for
careful, slow courtships, and often marriages happened later in
life and produced fewer children. Religious views of the family
offered alternatives to traditional coupling and marriage--through
celibacy, spiritual service, and the idea of finding one's true
spiritual match, which both challenged the role of parental
authority within marriage-making and accelerated the turn within
the larger society toward romantic marriage.By examining the
language and practice of evangelical sexuality and family, "One
Family Under God" highlights how the Methodist movement in the
eighteenth century was central to the rise of romantic marriage and
the formation of the modern family.
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