The book has two parts: In the first, after a review of some
seminal classical accounts of laws and explanations, a new account
is proposed for distinguishing between laws and accidental
generalizations (LAG). Among the new consequences of this proposal
it is proved that any explanation of a contingent generalization
shows that the generalization is not accidental. The second part
involves physical theories, their modality, and their explanatory
power. In particular, it is shown that (1) Each theory has a
theoretical implication structure associated with it, such that
there are new physical modal operators on these structures and also
special modal entities that are in these structures. A special
subset of the physical modals, the nomic modals are associated with
the laws of theories. (2) The familiar idea that theories always
explain laws by deduction of them has to be seriously modified in
light of the fact that there are a host of physical theories
(including for example, Newtonian Classical mechanics, Hamiltonian,
and Lagrangian theory, and probability theory) that we believe are
schematic (they do not have any truth value). Nevertheless, we
think that there is a kind of non-deductive explanation and
generality that they achieve by subsumtion under a schema.
General
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