The word "elegy" comes from the Ancient Greek elogos, meaning a
mournful poem or song, in particular, a song of grief in response
to loss. Because mourning and memorialization are so deeply
embedded in the human condition, all human societies have developed
means for lamenting the dead, and, in "That the People Might Live"
Arnold Krupat surveys the traditions of Native American elegiac
expression over several centuries.
Krupat covers a variety of oral performances of loss and
renewal, including the Condolence Rites of the Iroquois and the
memorial ceremony of the Tlingit people known as koo'eex, examining
as well a number of Ghost Dance songs, which have been
reinterpreted in culturally specific ways by many different tribal
nations. Krupat treats elegiac "farewell" speeches of the
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in considerable detail, and
comments on retrospective autobiographies by Black Hawk and Black
Elk.
Among contemporary Native writers, he looks at elegiac work by
Linda Hogan, N. Scott Momaday, Gerald Vizenor, Sherman Alexie,
Maurice Kenny, and Ralph Salisbury, among others. Despite
differences of language and culture, he finds that death and loss
are consistently felt by Native peoples both personally and
socially: someone who had contributed to the People's well-being
was now gone. Native American elegiac expression offered mourners
consolation so that they might overcome their grief and renew their
will to sustain communal life.
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