Text extracted from opening pages of book: HISTOLOGICAL TECHNIQUE
HISTOLOGICAL TECHNIQUE A GUIDE FOR USE IN A LABORATORY COURSE IN
HISTOLOGY BY B. F. KINGSBURY, PH. D., M. D. AND 0. A. JOHANNSEN,
PH. D. COKNELL UNIVEltSITY, IXiUCAy N. Y. FIRST EDITION SECOND
PRINTING WITH REVISIONS NEW YORK JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
LONDON: CHAPMAN & HALL, LIMITED 1935 COPYRIGHT, 1927, 1935, BY
BENJAMIN F. KINGSBURY AND OSKAR A. JO1IANNSKN All Rights Reserved
This hook or any part thereof must not be reproduced in any form
without the written permission of the publisher. Printed in U. S.
A. Printing Composition and Plates Binding F. H. GILSON CO.
TECHNICAL COMPOSITION CO. STANHOPE BINDERY BOSTON CAMBRIDGE BOSTON
PREFACE The following represents the combination of technique notes
written by the first author for use in connection with courses in
Histology offered by him for medical, premedical, and veterinary
students, with a similar outline of histological methods designed
by the second author for use in courses dealing primarily with the
histology of insects. Inasmuch as the methods-for the microscopic
examination of animal structure are fundamentally the same, whether
the struc ture is normal or pathological, the approach medical or
zoological, it is believed that there has been here produced a book
of much broader usefulness, without in any way sacrificing its
value in histological work of more specific application. A rigid
selection has been exercised, so that of the multitudinous methods
employed in microscopic work only those are here given which meet
the requirements for attaining a broad practical knowledge of
animal structure. In special investigations it is necessary to make
a study of theparticular technical needs of the problem, and for
this it is well to consult the larger works, of which may be
mentioned: The Encyclopedia of Microscopic Technique [ 10]; The
Microtomist's Vade-mecum, by A. B. Lee [ 35]; Mallory. and Wright,
Pathological Technique [ 38]; Schu bcrg, A. [ 46]. These, as well
as other books and articles, are listed in the Appendix, and
reference is made to them in the text, either directly or by number
[ in brackets]. Furthermore, in many in stances, direct reference
to important papers is given in the text, thereby increasing the
usefulness of the book for advanced stu dents in special fields.
While the aim has been to present methods for the microscopic
examination of any animal form, the emphasis is nevertheless placed
on the technical needs of the premedical ( or medical) student and
the student of Entomology. For the loan of most of the cuts the
writers are indebted to the Bausch Lomb Optical Co., E. Leitz,
Inc., Spencer Lens Co., the Will Corporation, and C. Zeiss, Inc. in
CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION vii FIXATION 1 Fixers, List of 6
ISOLATION 12 SECTIONING AND IMBEDDING 15 Schema for Imbedding 17
The Paraffin Method 18 The Ceiloidin Method 26 The
Paraffin-Celloidin Method 33 The Freezing Method 35 STAINING 37
Stains, List of 41 Preparations for Staining 50 Schema for Staining
54 MOUNTING, SEALING AND LABELING 56 Slides and Covers 61 THE
MICROSCOPE AND ACCESSORIES 63 SPECIAL METHODS 70 The Cell 70 Chitin
74 Connective Tissue 76 Muscle 81 The Nervous System 83 The Blood
95 Fine Injection 98 Silver Nitrate Impregnation 100 Histo-chemical
Methods 101 SPECIAL METHODS FOR VARIOUS ANIMAL FORMS 107
Invertebrates in General 107 Arthropoda 118 PlanktonOrganisms 124
Taxonomic Material 126 APPENDIX 131 REFERENCES 133 INDEX 137 v
INTRODUCTION Very few structures of the animal organism can be
adequately examined microscopically without being first subjected
to a pre paratory treatment involving in many cases the employment
of complicated methods. Save in the case of the body fluids and
certain membranes, animal tissues are bulky, more or less opaque,
and therefore unsuited for examination under the microscope, which
requires surface or thin layers of substance. Examination is made
possible in such cases in one of two ways: the
General
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