The young black activists whose rejection of their parents'
complacency led to the 1976 Soweto uprising and the eventual demise
of apartheid are part of a long tradition of generational conflict
in South Africa. In Blood from Your Children, Benedict Carton
traces this intense challenge to an extraordinary and pivotal
episode almost a century earlier that bitterly divided families
along generational lines.
Facing a series of ecological disasters that crippled
agriculture in the 1890s, African youths in colonial Natal and
Zululand perceived their fathers' struggle to meet increased
colonial demands as an act of betrayal. Young people engaged more
frequently in premarital sex, while young men sparked widespread
gang fights, and young women rejected traditional filial and
marital obligations. In 1906, after the imposition of an onerous
head tax on young men, this domestic turmoil exploded into an armed
uprising known as Bhambatha's Rebellion. The young men sought
revenge by attacking both the African patriarchs whose apparent
accomodation they considered traitorous and the colonial troops
dispatched to quell the violence. After the Natal forces crushed
the insurrection, some captured rebels faced trial for treason
under martial law. Often, their fathers testified against them.
While the military intervention eventually caused many more
African youths to seek work in the mines, thus defusing
generational turmoil, others moved to industrial centers in the
wake of the uprising. These young people formed the vanguard of
insurgent political groups that continue to play an important role
in South African urban life.
Through his lively and thorough presentation of the forces at
work inBhambatha's Rebellion, Benedict Carton brings a fresh
understanding to the tragic role of defiant youth and generational
rivalry in African resistance.
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