Explaining Right and Wrong aims to shake the foundations of
contemporary ethics by showing that moral philosophers have been
deploying a mistaken methodology in their efforts to figure out the
truth about what we morally ought to do. Benjamin Sachs argues that
moral theorizing makes sense only if it is conceived of as an
explanatory project and carried out accordingly. The book goes on
to show that the most prominent forms of moral
monism-consequentialism, Kantianism, and
contractarianism/contractualism-as well as Rossian pluralism, each
face devastating explanatory objections. It offers in place of
these flawed options a brand-new family of normative ethical
theories, non-Rossian pluralism. It then argues that the best kind
of non-Rossian pluralism will be spare; in particular, it will deny
that an action can be wrong in virtue of constituting a failure to
distribute welfare in a particular way or that an action can be
wrong in virtue of constituting a failure to rescue. Furthermore,
it also aims to show that a great deal of contemporary writing on
the distribution of health care resources in cases of scarcity is
targeted at questions that either have no answers at all or none
that ordinary moral theorizing can uncover.
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