Oil and natural gas were formed from the remains of prehistoric
plant and animals. The oil and gas that formed in the source rock
deep within the earth moved upward through tiny, connected pore
spaces in the rocks. Reservoirs are not underground "lakes" of oil;
reservoirs are made up of porous and permeable rocks that can hold
significant amounts of oil and gas within their pore spaces. Most
reservoirs contain oil, gas, and water. Technological innovation
makes it easier to find new deposits of oil and gas and to get more
oil or gas from each reservoir that is discovered. The reservoir
performance is predicted by mathematical modeling of the reservoir
or reservoir simulation. The initial oil, gas, water saturation and
pressure are specified. Oil Shales are usually fine-grained
sedimentary rocks containing relatively large amounts of organic
matter from which significant quantities of shale oil and
combustible gas can be extracted. Included in most definitions of
oil shale, is the potential for the profitable extraction of shale
oil and combustible gas or for burning as a fuel. Total world
resources of oil shale are estimated to be 2.6 trillion barrels.
General
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