Edward McKnight Kauffer (1890-1954) was the most celebrated graphic
designer working in Britain in the twentieth century. Born in
Montana, he left America before the first world war to travel
throughout Europe absorbing the influences of the Cubists and the
German poster artist Ludwig Hohlwein. At the onset of war he
settled in London. Seeing himself as a painter, he allied himself
with the London Group and the Vorticists. He worked at Roger Fry's
Omega Workshops with Vanessa Bell and Duncan Grant, and in 1915 was
commissioned by Frank Pick, then the publicity manager at London
Underground. This was the beginning of a client-designer
relationship that lasted throughout the 1920s and '30s, only ending
when Kauffer returned to New York in 1940. His posters, brilliantly
coloured and strikingly modern, struck London like a Cubist
thunderbolt. Soon other clients, Jack Beddington at Shell, Sir
Colin Anderson at the Orient Shipping line, the Daily Herald (the
instantly recognisable Birds in Flight pos
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