The mendicant friars of the Franciscan and Dominican orders played
a unique and important role in medieval society. In the early
thirteenth century, the Church was being challenged by a confident
new secular culture, associated with the growth of towns, the rise
of literature and articulate laity, the development of new sciences
and the creation of the first universities. The mendicant orders
which developed around the charismatic figures of Saint Francis of
Assisi (founder of the Franciscans) and Saint Dominic of Osma
(founder of the Dominicans) confronted this challenge by
encouraging preachers to go out into the world to do God's work,
rather than retiring into enclosed monasteries. C.H. Lawrence here
analyses the origins and growth of these orders, as well as the
impact which they had upon the medieval world - in the areas of
politics and education as well as religion. His study is essential
reading for all scholars and students of medieval history.
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