Ninety-four women currently serve in the 112th Congress: 77 in the
House (53 Democrats and 24 Republicans) and 17 in the Senate (12
Democrats and 5 Republicans). Ninety-two women were initially sworn
in to the 112th Congress, two women Democratic House Members have
since resigned, and four others have been elected. This number (94)
is lower than the record number of 95 women who were initially
elected to the 111th Congress. The first woman elected to Congress
was Representative Jeannette Rankin (R-MT, 1917-1919, 1941-1943).
The first woman to serve in the Senate was Rebecca Latimer Felton
(D-GA). She was appointed in 1922 and served for only one day. A
total of 278 women have served in Congress, 178 Democrats and 100
Republicans. Of these women, 239 (153 Democrats, 86 Republicans)
have served only in the House of Representatives; 31 (19 Democrats,
12 Republicans) have served only in the Senate; and 8 (6 Democrats,
2 Republicans) have served in both houses. These figures include
one non-voting Delegate each from Guam, Hawaii, the District of
Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Currently serving Senator
Barbara Mikulski (D-MD) holds the record for length of service by a
woman in Congress with 35 years (10 of which were spent in the
House). On March 17, 2012, she broke the record previously held by
Edith Nourse Rogers (R-MA), who served in the House for 35 years.
Of the 39 women who have served in the Senate, 14 were first
appointed and 5 were first elected to fill unexpired terms. Nine
were chosen to fill vacancies caused by the death of their
husbands, and one to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of
her father. Of these 10, 3 were subsequently elected to additional
terms. Hattie Caraway (D-AR, 1931-1945) was the first Senator to
succeed her husband and the first woman elected to a six-year
Senate term. A total of 31 African American or black women have
served in Congress (1 in the Senate, 30 in the House), including
the 15 serving in the 112th Congress. Eight Hispanic women have
been elected to the House; seven serve in the 112th Congress. Six
Asian American women have served in the House, including four in
the 112th Congress. Eighteen women in the House, and 10 women in
the Senate, have chaired committees. In the 112th Congress, one
woman chairs a House committee, and five women chair Senate
committees, with one female Senator chairing two committees. Nancy
Pelosi (D-CA) was the first woman to serve as Speaker of the House,
in the 110th and 111th Congresses. This publication identifies the
names, committee assignments, dates of service, and (for
Representatives) congressional districts of the 278 women who have
served in Congress. It will be updated when there are relevant
changes in the makeup of Congress.
General
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