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Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities - Report of a Workshop (Paperback)
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Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities - Report of a Workshop (Paperback)
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Although violent crime in the United States has declined over the
past five years, certain groups appear to remain at
disproportionately high risk for violent victimization. In the
United States, people with developmental disabilities-such as
mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and severe
learning disabilities may be included in this group. While the
scientific evidence is scanty, a handful of studies from the United
States, Canada, Australia, and Great Britain consistently find high
rates of violence and abuse affecting people with these kinds of
disabilities. A number of social and demographic trends are
converging that may worsen the situation considerably over the next
several years. The prevalence of developmental disabilities has
increased in low-income populations, due to a number of factors,
such as poor prenatal nutrition, lack of access to health care or
better perinatal care for some fragile babies, and increases in
child abuse and substance abuse during pregnancy. For example, a
recent report of the California State Council on Developmental
Disabilities found that during the past decade, while the state
population increased by 20 percent, the number of persons with
developmental disabilities in California increased by 52 percent
and the population segment with mild mental retardation doubled.
Because of a growing concern among parents and advocates regarding
possible high rates of crime victimization among persons with
developmental disabilities, Congress, through the Crime Victims
with Disabilities Awareness Act of 1998, requested that the
National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences
conduct a study to increase knowledge and information about crimes
against individuals with developmental disabilities that will be
useful in developing new strategies to reduce the incidence of
crimes against those individuals. Crime Victims with Developmental
Disabilities summarizes the workshop and addresses the following
issues: (1) the nature and extent of crimes against individuals
with developmental disabilities; (2) the risk factors associated
with victimization of individuals with developmental disabilities;
(3) the manner in which the justice system responds to crimes
against individuals with disabilities; and (4) the means by which
states may establish and maintain a centralized computer database
on the incidence of crimes against individuals with disabilities
within a state.
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