Not long ago, everyone knew that Judaism came before Christianity.
More recently, scholars have begun to recognize that the historical
picture is quite a bit more complicated than that. In the Jewish
world of the first century, many sects competed for the name of the
true Israel and the true interpreter of the Torah--the Talmud
itself speaks of seventy--and the form of Judaism that was to be
the seedbed of what eventually became the Christian Church was but
one of these many sects. Scholars have come to realize that we can
and need to speak of a twin birth of Christianity and Judaism, not
a genealogy in which one is parent to the other.
In this book, the author develops a revised understanding of the
interactions between nascent Christianity and nascent Judaism in
late antiquity, interpreting the two "new" religions as intensely
and complexly intertwined throughout this period. Although the
"officials" of the eventual winners in both communities--the Rabbis
in Judaism and the orthodox leaders in Christianity--sought to deny
it, until the end of late antiquity many people remained both
Christians and Jews. This resulted, among other things, in much
shared religious innovation that affected the respective
orthodoxies as well.
"Dying for God" aims to establish this model as a realistic one
through close and comparative readings of contemporary Christian
texts and Talmudic narratives that thematize the connections and
differences between Christians and Jews as these emerged around the
issue of martyrdom. The author argues that, in the end, the
developing discourse of martyrology involved the circulation and
exchange of cultural and religious innovations between the two
communities as they moved toward sharper self-definition.
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