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Time at Emar - The Cultic Calendar and the Rituals from the Diviner's Archive (Hardcover)
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Time at Emar - The Cultic Calendar and the Rituals from the Diviner's Archive (Hardcover)
Series: Mesopotamian Civilizations
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The recent large-scale watershed projects in northern Syria, where
the ancient city of Emar was located, have brought this area to
light, thanks to salvage operation excavations before the area was
submerged. Excavations at Meskeneh-Qadimeh on the great bend of the
Euphrates River revealed this large town, which had been built in
the late 14th century and then destroyed violently at the beginning
of the 12th, at the end of the Bronze Age. In the town of Emar,
ritual tablets were discovered in a temple that are demonstrated to
have been recorded by the supervisor of the local cult, who was
called the “diviner.” This religious leader also operated a
significant writing center, which focused on both administering
local ritual and fostering competence in Mesopotamian lore. An
archaic local calendar can be distinguished from other calendars in
use at Emar, both foreign and local. A second, overlapping calendar
emanated from the palace and represented a rising political force
in some tension with rooted local institutions. The archaic local
calendar can be partially reconstructed from one ritual text that
outlines the rites performed during a period of six months. The
main public rite of Emar’s religious calendar was the zukru
festival. This event was celebrated in a simplified annual ritual
and in a more elaborate version of the ritual for seven days during
every seventh year, probably serving as a pledge of loyalty to the
chief god, Dagan. The Emar ritual calendar was native, in spite of
various levels of outside influence, and thus offers important
evidence for ancient Syrian culture. These texts are thus important
for ancient Near Eastern cultic and ritual studies. Fleming’s
comprehensive study lays the basic groundwork for all future study
of the ritual and makes a major contribution to the study of
ancient Syria.
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