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A Natural Experiment on Electoral Law Reform - Evaluating the Long Run Consequences of 1990s Electoral Reform in Italy and Japan (Paperback, 2011 ed.)
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A Natural Experiment on Electoral Law Reform - Evaluating the Long Run Consequences of 1990s Electoral Reform in Italy and Japan (Paperback, 2011 ed.)
Series: Studies in Public Choice, 24
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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In the early 1990s, major electoral reforms took place in both
Italy and Japan; each replaced a form of "proportional
representation" (in which voters cast a ballot for a party list)
with a "mixed member" system (in which voters cast ballots for
individual candidates and party lists). The reforms were enacted by
political elites in the context of divisions within the dominant
party, changing patterns of party support, and party splits, in
efforts to retain power while responding to charges of corruption,
clientelism, and lack of accountability. The experiences of both
countries provide a laboratory in which to investigate the effects
and implications of the reforms, and, more broadly to analyze voter
behavior in the context of institutional change. The introduction
provides an overview of post-WWII politics and electoral reform in
Italy and Japan. In each of the next four chapters, specialists in
Italian and Japanese electoral politics are teamed up to review
data both before and after the reforms. Within this comparative
framework, the authors explore such topics as changes in party
competition, candidate selection mechanisms, and intra-party
politics. The concluding chapter considers the longer-term
consequences-both anticipated and unanticipated-of the reforms;
despite superficially similar conditions, the effects in the two
countries were dramatically different: in Japan, the new system has
taken hold, with minor modifications, while in Italy, there was a
reversion to a proportional representation system. As the essays in
this volume demonstrate, to understand why similar reforms had such
different effects in the two countries we must examine how
electoral systems are embedded in broader institutional and social
arrangements, and at the complex interplay of political geography,
political history, and the rational calculations of political
actors.
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