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The Power of Words - Unveiling the Speaker and Writer's Hidden Craft (Hardcover)
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The Power of Words - Unveiling the Speaker and Writer's Hidden Craft (Hardcover)
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In 1888, Mark Twain reflected on the writer's special feel for
words to his correspondent, George Bainton, noting that "the
difference between the almost-right word and the right word is
really a large matter." We recognize differences between a
politician who is "willful" and one who is "willing" even though
the difference does not cross word-stems or parts of speech. We
recognize that being "held up" evokes different experiences
depending upon whether its direct object is a meeting, a bank, or
an example. Although we can notice hundreds of examples in the
language where small differences in wording produce large reader
effects, the authors of "The Power of Words" argue that these
examples are random glimpses of a hidden systematic knowledge that
governs how we, as writers or speakers, learn to shape experience
for other human beings.
Over the past several years, David Kaufer and his colleagues have
developed a software program for analyzing writing called
DocuScope. This book illustrates the concepts and rhetorical theory
behind the software analysis, examining patterns in writing and
showing writers how their writing works in different categories to
accomplish varying objectives. Reflecting the range and variety of
audience experience that contiguous words of surface English can
prime, the authors present a theory of language as an instrument of
rhetorically priming audiences and a catalog of English strings to
implement the theory. The project creates a comprehensive map of
the speaker and writer's implicit knowledge about predisposing
audience experience at the point of utterance.
The book begins with an explanation of why studying language from
the standpoint of priming--not just meaning--is vital to
non-question begging theories of close reading and to language
education in general. The remaining chapters in Part I detail the
steps taken to prepare a catalog study of English strings for their
properties as priming instruments. Part II describes in detail the
catalog of priming categories, including enough examples to help
readers see how individual words and strings of English fit into
the catalog. The final part describes how the authors have applied
the catalog of English strings as priming tools to conduct textual
research.
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