For over two hundred years, the Catskill Mountains have been
repeatedly and dramatically transformed by New York City. In Making
Mountains, David Stradling shows the transformation of the
Catskills landscape as a collaborative process, one in which local
and urban hands, capital, and ideas have come together to reshape
the mountains and the communities therein. This collaboration has
had environmental, economic, and cultural consequences. Early on,
the Catskills were an important source of natural resources. Later,
when New York City needed to expand its water supply, engineers
helped direct the city toward the Catskills, claiming that the
mountains offered the purest and most cost-effective waters. By the
1960s, New York had created the great reservoir and aqueduct system
in the mountains that now supplies the city with 90 percent of its
water. The Catskills also served as a critical space in which the
nation's ideas about nature evolved. Stradling describes the great
influence writers and artists had upon urban residents - especially
the painters of the Hudson River School, whose ideal landscapes
created expectations about how rural America should appear. By the
mid-1800s, urban residents had turned the Catskills into an
important vacation ground, and by the late 1800s, the Catskills had
become one of the premiere resort regions in the nation. In the
mid-twentieth century, the older Catskill resort region was in
steep decline, but the Jewish "Borscht Belt" in the southern
Catskills was thriving. The automobile revitalized mountain tourism
and residence, and increased the threat of suburbanization of the
historic landscape. Throughout each of these significant
incarnations, urban and rural residents worked in a rough
collaboration, though not without conflict, to reshape the
mountains and American ideas about rural landscapes and nature.
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