Beginning with a deceptively simple question--What do we mean
when we designate behaviors, values, or forms of expression as
"black"?--Evie Shockley's "Renegade Poetics" separates what we
think we know about black aesthetics from the more complex and
nuanced possibilities the concept has long encompassed. The study
reminds us, first, that even among the radicalized young poets and
theorists who associated themselves with the Black Arts Movement
that began in the mid-1960s, the contours of black aesthetics were
deeply contested and, second, that debates about the relationship
between aesthetics and politics for African American artists
continue into the twenty-first century. Shockley argues that a
rigid notion of black aesthetics commonly circulates that is little
more than a caricature of the concept. She sees the Black Aesthetic
as influencing not only African American poets and their poetic
production, but also, through its shaping of criteria and values,
the reception of their work. Taking as its starting point the young
BAM artists' and activists' insistence upon the interconnectedness
of culture and politics, this study delineates how African American
poets--in particular, Gwendolyn Brooks, Sonia Sanchez, Harryette
Mullen, Anne Spencer, Ed Roberson, and Will Alexander--generate
formally innovative responses to their various historical and
cultural contexts. Out of her readings, Shockley eloquently builds
a case for redefining black aesthetics "descriptively," to account
for nearly a century of efforts by African American poets and
critics to name and tackle issues of racial identity and
self-determination. In the process, she resituates innovative
poetry that has been dismissed, marginalized, or misread because
its experiments "were not" "recognizably black"--or, in relation to
the avant-garde tradition, because they "were."
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