Suppose you can stop a trolley from killing five people, but only
by turning it onto a side track where it will kill one. May you
turn the trolley? What if the only way to rescue the five is to
topple a bystander in front of the trolley so that his body stops
it but he dies? May you use a device to stop the trolley that will
kill a bystander as a side effect? The "trolley problem" challenges
us to explain and justify our different intuitive judgments about
these and related cases. Frances Kamm's 2013 Tanner Lectures
present some of her views on this notorious moral conundrum. After
providing a brief history of changing views of what the problem is
about and attempts to solve it, she focuses on two prominent
issues: Does who turns the trolley and how the harm is shifted
affect the moral permissibility of acting? The answers to these
questions lead to general proposals about when we may and may not
harm some to help others. Three distinguished philosophers - Judith
Jarvis Thomson (one of the originators of the trolley problem),
Thomas Hurka, and Shelly Kagan - then comment on Kamm's proposals.
She responds to each comment at length, providing an exceptionally
rich elaboration and defense of her views. This book is invaluable
not only to philosophers concerned about the trolley problem, but
to anyone worried about how we ought to act when we can lessen harm
to some by harming others and how we can reach a decision about the
question.
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