In 1985, Congress directed the Department of Defense (DoD) to
dispose of its lethal unitary (pre-mixed) chemical agents and
munitions while providing "maximum protection for the environment,
the general public, and the personnel involved." In 1987, the U.S.
Army (Army) released a draft Emergency Response Concept Plan
(ERCP), which presented a basis for the development of local
emergency response programs and examined various methods of
emergency planning. The Army also prepared a Chemical Stockpile
Disposal Implementation Plan and requested funds to implement
enhanced emergency preparedness on-post and off-post for all eight
chemical stockpile sites. FEMA joined the Army in implementing
CSEPP through a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) signed in August
1988. This MOU was reaffirmed in 1993 and revised in 1997 and 2004.
CSEPP is a project conducted under the chemical demilitarization
program, a major defense acquisition program executed by the U.S.
Army. CSEPP augments the Army's installation chemical accident and
incident response capability. The Army is responsible for
programming and budgeting validated CSEPP requirements as developed
by the State and local governments and validated by FEMA. The
Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Army for Eliminating Chemical
Weapons (DASA ECW]) is responsible for overseeing the CSEPP
execution, to include coordination with Congress, FEMA, and the
Citizen Advisory Commissions. The Chemical Materials Agency
executes the day-to-day management of CSEPP, to include upgrading
on-post response capabilities; developing on-post preparedness
plans; conducting on-post training; automation; and integrating on-
and off-post capabilities. FEMA is responsible for off-post
emergency preparedness and works with the States and local
governments in the development of preparedness plans, conducting
necessary training, administering cooperative agreements, and
upgrading response capabilities. Off-post efforts include command
and control, public awareness of protective actions, communication,
and alert notification systems (e.g., computer hardware and
software, telephone and radio upgrades, sirens, and tone alert
radios). FEMA assists the States and local governments in planning
and validating their CSEPP requirements and distributes funds to
the States under cooperative agreements. The States and local
governments execute plans to protect the public and provide
financial and performance reports, addressing the capability
improvements realized through those funds. While the likelihood of
a chemical stockpile incident with off-post consequences is
considered remote, the Army and FEMA recognize that the impact of
such an event could be significant. CSEPP Strategic Plan states the
basic goal of CSEPP is "to mitigate the effects of an accident to
the maximum extent practicable." Thus, CSEPP has two basic
objectives: 1. To establish and enhance emergency preparedness in
nearby communities, including community alert and warning systems
and protective action strategies. 2. To institute protective
measures and hazard mitigation strategies at the chemical stockpile
sites (the Army installations) to lessen the vulnerability of the
storage structures and their contents to any internally or
externally generated accidents.
General
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