Earthquakes are a serious threat to safety in multifamily apartment
buildings and pose a significant potential liability to building
owners. Multifamily buildings in 39 states are vulnerable to
earthquake damage. Unsafe existing buildings expose multifamily
building owners and tenants to the following risks: Death and
injury of tenants, occupants, and visitors; Damage to or collapse
of buildings; Damage to and loss of furnishings, equipment, and
other building contents; Disruption of rental and occupancy
functions and other building operations. The greatest earthquake
risk is associated with existing multifamily buildings that were
designed and constructed before the use of modern building codes.
For many parts of the United States, this includes buildings built
as recently as the early 1990s. Although vulnerable multifamily
buildings need to be replaced with safe, new construction or
rehabilitated to correct deficiencies, for many building owners new
construction is limited, at times severely, by budgetary
constraints, and seismic rehabilitation is expensive and
disruptive. However, incremental seismic rehabilitation, proposed
in this manual, is an innovative approach that phases in a series
of discrete rehabilitation actions over a period of several years.
It is an effective, affordable, and non-disruptive strategy for
responsible mitigation actions that can be integrated efficiently
into ongoing facility maintenance and capital improvement
operations to minimize cost and disruption. This manual and its
companion documents are the products of a Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) project to develop the concept of
incremental seismic rehabilitation-that is, building modifications
that reduce seismic risk by improving seismic performance and that
are implemented over an extended period, often in conjunction with
other repair, maintenance, or capital improvement activities. It
provides owners of Class A, B, or C multifamily buildings, be they
Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), pension funds, partnerships,
individuals, or other forms of ownership, with the information
necessary to assess the seismic vulnerability of their buildings
and to implement a program of incremental seismic rehabilitation
for those buildings.
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