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Party System Closure - Party Alliances, Government Alternatives, and Democracy in Europe (Hardcover)
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Party System Closure - Party Alliances, Government Alternatives, and Democracy in Europe (Hardcover)
Series: Comparative Politics
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Party System Closure maps trends in interparty relations in Europe
from 1848 until 2019. It investigates how the length of democratic
experience, the institutionalization of individual parties, the
fragmentation of parliaments, and the support for
anti-establishment parties, shape the degree of
institutionalization of party systems. The analyses presented
answer the questions of whether predictability in partisan
interactions is necessary for the survival of democratic regimes
and whether it improves or undermines the quality of democracy. The
developments of party politics at the elite level are contrasted
with the dynamics of voting behaviour. The comparisons of distinct
historical periods and of macro-regions provide a comprehensive
picture of the European history of party competition and
cooperation. The empirical overview presented in the book is based
on a novel conceptual framework and features party composition data
of more than a thousand European governments. Party systems are
analysed in terms of poles and blocs, and the degree of closure and
of polarization is related to a new party system typology. The book
demonstrates that information collected from partisan interactions
at the time of government formation can reveal changes that
characterise the party system as a whole. The empirical results
confirm that the Cold War period (1945-1989) was exceptionally
stable, while the post-Berlin-Wall era shows signs of
disintegration, although more at the level of voters than at the
level of elites. After three decades of democratic politics in
Europe (1990-2019), the West and the South are looking increasingly
like the East, especially in terms of the level of party
de-institutionalization. The West and the South are becoming more
polarised than the East, but in terms of parliamentary
fragmentation, the party systems of the South and the East are
converging, while the West is diverging from the rest with its
increasingly high number of parties. As far as our central concept,
party system closure, is concerned, thanks to the gradual process
of stabilization in the East, and the recent
de-institutionalization in the West and South, the regional
differences are declining. Comparative Politics is a series for
researchers, teachers, and students of political science that deals
with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books
in the series are characterised by a stress on comparative analysis
and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in
association with the European Consortium for Political Research.
For more information visit: www.ecprnet.eu. The series is edited by
Susan Scarrow, Chair of the Department of Political Science,
University of Houston, and Jonathan Slapin, Professor of Political
Institutions and European Politics, Department of Political
Science, University of Zurich.
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