The two volumes bring together the contributions of the members of
the International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences
(UISPP), to a project launched in 2017, with the support of the
International Academic Union (UAI), under the title Human societies
facing climate change in prehistory and protohistory : from the
origins of Humanity to the beginning of historical times. The
second volume concerns protohistory, from the beginning of the
Holocene to historical times. In what climate and at what latitudes
have the innovations represented by farming and animal husbandry
succeeded in sustaining themselves? How did agro-pastoral societies
adapt to the progression of Holocene aridity after the exceptional
wet period at its beginning? Is nomadic pastoralism a
specialization of an agro-pastoral society in the context of
increasing aridity and/or an adaptation of animal domestication to
steppe and semi-desert areas? How have agro-pastoral societies
adapted to multi-century periods of climate change such as those
known from protohistoric and historical periods (the crises of 8200
BP, 4200 BP, 1200 BC and 800 BC; the Roman climate optimum; the
crisis of the Later Roman Empire and barbarian invasions; the
medieval climate optimum; the Little Ice Age)? And how did they
survive episodes of adverse weather lasting several years that
caused scarcity and famine?
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