When a jazz hero dies, rumors, speculation, gossip, and legend
can muddle the real cause of death.
In this book, Frederick J. Spencer conducts an inquest on how
jazz greats lived and died pursuing their art. Forensics, medical
histories, death certificates, and biographies divulge the way many
musical virtuosos really died.
An essential reference source, "Jazz and Death" strives to
correct misinformation and set the story straight. Reviewing the
medical records of such jazz icons as Scott Joplin, James Reese
Europe, Bennie Moten, Tommy Dorsey, Billie Holiday, Charlie Parker,
Wardell Gray, and Ronnie Scott, the book spans decades, styles, and
causes of death.
Divided into disease categories, it covers such illnesses as ALS
(Lou Gehrig's Disease), which killed Charlie Mingus, and
tuberculosis, which caused the deaths of Chick Webb, Charlie
Christian, Bubber Miley, Jimmy Blanton, and Fats Navarro. It notes
the significance of dental disease in affecting a musician's
embouchure and livelihood, as happened with Joe "King" Oliver. A
discussion of Art Tatum's visual impairment leads to discoveries in
the pathology of what blinded Lennie Tristano.
Heavy drinking, even during Prohibition, was the norm in the
clubs of New Orleans and Kansas City and in the ballrooms of
Chicago and New York. Too often, the musical scene demanded that
those who play jazz be "jazzed."
After World War II, as heroin addiction became the hallmark of
revolution, talented bebop artists suffered long absences from the
bandstand. Many did jail time, and others succumbed to the ravages
of "horse."
With "Jazz and Death," the causes behind the great jazz funerals
may no longer be misconstrued. Its clinical and morbidly
entertaining approach creates an invaluable compendium for jazz
fans and scholars alike.
Frederick J. Spencer is a professor and associate dean emeritus
of the School of Medicine (Medical College of Virginia) at Virginia
Commonwealth University. He has been published in the "New England
Journal of Medicine," "Journal of the American Medical
Association," "American Journal of Public Health," and "Modern
Medicine," among other publications.
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