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Political Choice Matters - Explaining the Strength of Class and Religious Cleavages in Cross-National Perspective (Hardcover, New)
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Political Choice Matters - Explaining the Strength of Class and Religious Cleavages in Cross-National Perspective (Hardcover, New)
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Political Choice Matters investigates the extent to which class and
religion influence party choice in contemporary democracies. Rather
than the commonly-assumed process in which a weakening of social
boundaries leads to declining social divisions in political
preferences, this book's primary message is that the supply of
choices by parties influences the extent of such divisions: hence,
political choice matters. Combining overtime, cross-national data,
and multi-level research designs the authors show how policy and
programmatic positions adopted by parties provide voters with
choice sets that accentuate or diminish the strength of political
cleavages. The book gives central place to the positions of
political parties on left-right, economically redistributive and
morally conservative versus social liberal dimensions. Evidence on
these positions is obtained primarily from the Comparative
Manifesto Project, with a chapter dedicated to elaborating and
validating the various implementations of this uniquely valuable
source of evidence on party positions. The primary empirical focus
includes case studies of 11 Western, Southern, and Central European
societies as well as 'anglo-democracies' including Britain, USA,
Canada, and Australia. These detailed analyses of election studies
ranging in some cases from the post-war period until the early part
of the 21st century are augmented by a pooled cross-national and
overtime analysis of 15 Western democracies using a unique,
combined dataset of 188 national surveys. The authors show that
although there has been some overtime decline in the strength of
association between social class and party choice, this is far
smaller than the amount of change in the relationship occurring as
a result of party movements on questions of inequality and
redistribution. The strength of the religiosity cleavage is also
influenced by changes in party positions on moral issues - changes
that can be understood as a strategic response to a process of
secularization that has weakened the electoral viability of parties
deriving support from appeals to religious values.
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