The thirteen original essays in this book examine the status and
development of the sciences in the eighteenth century. The last
generation has seen a revolution in the methodology adopted by
historians of science: The development of science is no longer
described as a steady progress towards truth - certainties have
given way to questions. The essays in this volume scrutinize these
changing perspectives in historiography and recommend paths for
future study. The eighteenth century has been a neglected and
much-misunderstood era in the development of science, all too often
viewed as something of a trough between the towering achievements
of the 'Scientific Revolution' and the nineteenth century. Yet it
was a period of notable developments; it saw the establishment of
such fields as electricity and heat, the 'chemical revolution', the
new science of gases, the isolation of oxygen, the nebular
hypothesis in cosmology, the foundation of rational mechanics, and
the birth pangs of biology, geology and psychology. It was, indeed,
an age when knowledge was in ferment.
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