This book examines the origins of communal and institutional
almsgiving in rabbinic Judaism. It undertakes a close reading of
foundational rabbinic texts (Mishnah, Tosefta, Tannaitic Midrashim)
and places their discourses on organized giving in their second to
third century CE contexts. Gregg E. Gardner finds that Tannaim
promoted giving through the soup kitchen (tamhui) and charity fund
(quppa), which enabled anonymous and collective support for the
poor. This protected the dignity of the poor and provided an
alternative to begging, which benefited the community as a whole -
poor and non-poor alike. By contrast, later Jewish and Christian
writings (from the fourth to fifth centuries) would see organized
charity as a means to promote their own religious authority. This
book contributes to the study of Jews and Judaism, history of
religions, biblical studies, and ethics.
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