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The Russian Theory of Activity - Current Applications To Design and Learning (Paperback)
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The Russian Theory of Activity - Current Applications To Design and Learning (Paperback)
Series: Applied Psychology Series
Expected to ship within 12 - 19 working days
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The opening of the former Soviet Union to the West has provided an
opportunity to describe Russian human factors/ergonomics and to
compare American theories and methods with it. Although this book
is principally dedicated to describing the theory of activity as it
applies to issues of design and training, it is also offered to a
general audience of psychologists and interested lay readers. This
theory studies the goal-directed behavior of man and attempts to
integrate the cognitive, motivational, and behavioral aspects of
activity into a holistic system. Such fundamental notions as goal,
action, and self-regulation are described and analyzed from totally
different theoretical points of view. This is the first
comprehensive, systematic description of the theory of activity in
the English language. Existing attempts to translate the theory of
activity into English suffer from certain limitations. Among them,
the theory of activity -- considered one of the more important
accomplishments of Soviet psychological science -- has an extensive
history dating back to the work of Vygotsky and his students.
Subsequent development of the theory by other well-known Soviet
psychologists and psychophysiologists took place within different
schools with some significant differences. In the former Soviet
Union, psychological theory could not be advanced unconnected to
Marxist-Leninist ideology. Accordingly, theoretical formulations
were subject to their own version of "political correctness." Books
published in this field were addressed only to other scientists
with backgrounds in the field. Moreover, the translation of the
technical terms in Russian psychology frequently resist translation
in the absence of the context of the debates in which they were
being used. Thus, simple translation of books in this field as they
were written in a specialized and politicized environment for
Russian audiences is really not a particularly sensible or
worthwhile undertaking. This book is addressed in the first
instance to Western psychologists. It compares, among other things,
analyses of work from the former Soviet Union with the work from
the West. Applications of activity theory to design and learning
were paramount in the Soviet Union. Using their own theoretical
perspective, the authors provide a comparative analysis of the
various schools working in activity theory. They hope that this
book may facilitate the exchange of ideas between Russian
psychological scientists and Western psychologists working in
ergonomics, human factors, industrial/organizational psychology,
education, learning, and related areas where the theory of activity
may find general application. This book's authors attempt to
provide a contribution not only to science but also to history.
Western researchers have strongly influenced Russian work, but
because of negative political pressure in the former USSR, the flow
of concepts was one-sided. Russian ergonomists received so much
from American and Western sources that it is now important to give
something back. Despite the considerable similarity between Russian
and American theories and methods, the special "spin" the former
put on their work may stimulate new thinking on the part of their
American colleagues.
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