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The Wages of Motherhood - Inequality in the Welfare State, 1917-1942 (Paperback, New edition)
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The Wages of Motherhood - Inequality in the Welfare State, 1917-1942 (Paperback, New edition)
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Entering the vigorous debate about the nature of the American
welfare state, The Wages of Motherhood illuminates ways in which a
"maternalist" social policy emerged from the crucible of gender and
racial politics between the world wars. Gwendolyn Mink here
examines the cultural dynamics of maternalist social policy, which
have often been overlooked by institutional and class analyses of
the welfare state. Mink maintains that the movement for welfare
provisions, while resulting in important gains, reinforced existing
patterns of gender and racial inequality. She explores how
AngloAmerican women reformers, as they gained increasing political
recognition, promoted an ideology of domesticity that became the
core of maternalist social policy. Focusing on reformers such as
Jane Addams, Grace Abbott, Katherine Lenroot, and Frances Perkins,
Mink shows how they helped shape a social policy premised on moral
character and cultural conformity rather than universal
entitlement. According to Mink, commitments to a gendered and
racialized ideology of virtuous citizenship led women's reform
organizations in the United States to support welfare policies that
were designed to uplift and regulate motherhood and thus to reform
the cultural character of citizens. The upshot was a welfare agenda
that linked maternity with dependency, poverty with cultural
weakness, and need with moral failing. Relegating poor women and
racial minorities to dependent status, maternalist policy had the
effect of stengthening ideological and institutional forms of
subordination. In Mink's view, the legacy of this benevolent-and
invidious-policy contimies to inflect thinking about welfare reform
today.
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