Gum arabic is a tree resin obtained from Acacia senegal, an endemic
tree species to the African Sahel Zone. Recently, plantation
cultivation of Acacia senegal has been introduced in Northern
Nigeria and the 'modern' production of gum arabic is investigated
by government institutions to promote future gum arabic production,
alongside a thitherto predominant smallholder collection of gum
arabic from so-called natural stands of Acacia senegal. The two
ways of collecting or producing gum arabic - smallholder collection
in natural stands and plantation cultivation of Acacia senegal -
are compared referring to land and labour productivity. In contrast
to the collection of gum arabic in natural stands, the production
of gum arabic in plantation cultivation requires the implementation
of several working steps that are not carried out in natural
stands. Hence, the question is raised how these two ways of gum
arabic production differ from each other and why the collection
from natural stands is rather extensive in comparison to plantation
cultivation. Therefore, the context of local livelihoods and the
interaction of several actors in the drylands of North-Eastern
Nigeria is taken into consideration to explain the collection of
gum arabic in natural stands. These interactions are limited in
plantation cultivation where gum arabic production efficiency and
profitability is focussed.
General
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