Henry Daniel’s Liber Uricrisiarum is the earliest known work of
academic medicine written in Middle English, presented here for the
first time in a complete edition. Working in the late 1370s, Daniel
combined authoritative medicine from written sources with his own
personal experience, creating a text that stands out for its
linguistic originality, intellectual scope, and wide circulation.
Extant in over three dozen manuscript witnesses and two early
modern print copies, Liber Uricrisiarum describes medieval humoral
theory, anatomy, physiology, disease, medical astronomy,
reproductive processes, and more, all within the broader context of
uroscopic diagnosis. The introduction situates the text and its
author in their medical, intellectual, linguistic, and
bibliographic contexts, outlining the uroscopic tradition to which
Daniel contributes, and describing the relationships among the many
manuscripts containing the Liber Uricrisiarum. This edition
presents the Middle English text, with a general glossary, glossary
of proper names, and explanatory notes that explain obscure words
and phrases and identify Daniel’s sources. It also includes the
complete set of diagrams contained in the Royal manuscript;
appendices providing the Latin and English versions of the prologue
and epilogue; an extensive translation from one of Daniel’s
important sources, Isaac Israeli’s De urinis; tables relevant to
Daniel’s astronomical measurements; and an analysis of the Royal
manuscript’s dialect. Cumulatively, the edition and apparatus
introduce readers to an important yet understudied text, the
details of which will have significant impact on studies of
medieval medicine and science, intellectual history, and Middle
English language and literature.
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