What equality means in three modern democracies, both to leaders
of important groups and to challengers of the status quo, is the
subject of this wide-ranging canvass of perceptions and policy. It
is based on extensive questionnaire data gathered from leaders in
various segments of society in each countrybusiness, labor unions,
farm organizations, political parties, the media-as well as from
groups that are seeking greater equalityfeminists, black leaders in
the United States, leaders of the Burakumin in Japan. The authors
describe the extent to which the same meanings of equality exist,
both within and across nations, and locate the areas of consensus
and conflict over equality. No other book has compared data of this
sort for these purposes.
The authors address several major substantive and theoretical
issues: the role of values in relation to egalitarian outcomes; the
comparison of values and perceptions about equality in economics
(income equality) and politics (equality of influence); and the
difference among the nations in the ways political institutions
affect the incorporation of new demands for equality into the
policymaking process. They pay particular attention to how policy
is set on issues of gender equality.
This book will be controversial, for some see no room in the
understanding of political economy for the analysis of values. It
will be consulted by a general audience interested in politics and
culture as well as by social scientists. Elites and the Idea of
Equality is an informative sequel to Equality in America by Sidney
Verba and Gary R. Orren (Harvard University Press), which considers
similar topics in a national context.
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