Did 9/11 revive a North American guns-butter trade-off?
Established in the largest administrative overhaul since World War
II, the Department of Homeland Security was charged with keeping
the United States safe within a wider security community, but
confronted the Washington Consensus-based Western Hemisphere free
trade movement, beginning with the North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA) and extending to the Central American Free Trade
Agreement (CAFTA) in 2003, to materialize a Free Trade Area of the
Americas (FTAA) compact. Whether 9/11 restrictions impeded these
trade-related thrusts or not, embracing neoliberalism permitted
Canada and Mexico to pursue their own initiatives, such as
proposing free-trade to the US--Canada in 1985, Mexico in 1990,
but, as during the Cold War, security imperatives ultimately
prevailed.
This work investigates Canada's and Mexico's Department of
Homeland Security responses through three bilateral studies of
policy responses along comparative lines, case studies of security
and intelligence apparatuses in each of the three countries, and a
post-9/11 trilateral assessment. Ultimately, they raise a broader
and more critical North American question: Will regional economic
integration continue to be trumped by security considerations, as
during the Cold War era, and thereby elevate second-best outcomes,
or rise above the constraints to reassert the unquenchable
post-Cold War thirst for unfettered markets replete with private
enterprises, liberal policies, and full-fledged
competitiveness?
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