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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Ethics & moral philosophy
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From Morality to the End of Reason - An Essay on Rights, Reasons, and Responsibility (Hardcover, New)
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From Morality to the End of Reason - An Essay on Rights, Reasons, and Responsibility (Hardcover, New)
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Many philosophers think that if you're morally responsible for a
state of affairs, you must be a cause of it. Ingmar Persson argues
that this strand of common sense morality is asymmetrical, in that
it features the act-omission doctrine, according to which there are
stronger reasons against performing some harmful actions than in
favour of performing any beneficial actions. He analyses the
act-omission doctrine as consisting in a theory of negative rights,
according to which there are rights not to have one's life, body,
and property interfered with, and a conception of responsibility as
being based on causality. This conception of responsibility is also
found to be involved in the doctrine of double effect. The outcome
of Persson's critical examination of these ideas is that reasons of
rights are replaced by reasons of beneficence, and we are made
responsible for what is under the influence of our practical
reasons. The argument gives rise to a symmetrical, consequentialist
morality which is more demanding but less authoritative than common
sense morality, because reasons of beneficence are weaker than
reasons of rights. It is also argued that there are no
non-naturalist external practical reasons, and all practical
reasons are desire-dependent: so practical reasons cannot be
universally binding. The question is whether such a morality
possesses enough authority to command our compliance. This seems
necessary in order for us to cope with the greatest moral problems
of our time, such as aid to developing countries and anthropogenic
climate change.
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