The Welfare and Retirement Fund of the United Mine Workers of
America (UMWA) is widely acknowledged as the most innovative effort
at group health care in the United States in the twentieth century.
Ivana Krajcinovic describes the establishment, operation, and
demise of the Fund that brought mining families from the backwater
to the forefront of medical care in less than a decade.
The UMWA was one of the first unions to take advantage of
conditions created by World War II to bargain for employer-financed
health benefits. Spurning convention, the UMWA not only retained
control of health benefits but also utilized then unorthodox
managed care principles in arranging for the care of its members.
Perhaps even more remarkable, the union designed the Fund to care
for a beneficiary group with extremely high demands. Initially poor
and neglected, miners were encumbered by the additional health
burdens of a hazardous industry.
Krajcinovic analyzes the success of the Fund over nearly three
decades in providing high-quality cost-effective care to miners and
their families. She also explains the irony of its dismantlement at
the very moment when its innovations gained currency among
mainstream commercial plans.
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