This first volume in the Harvard Semitic Monographs series
challenges many of the standard positions that have long been held
concerning the Greek and Hebrew texts of the Books of Kings. The
author's personal examination of the Qumran Hebrew manuscripts,
published and unpublished, has led to a new understanding of the
recensional development of the Greek text. His study contributes
significantly to the methodology of modern textual criticism and
the evaluation of historical sources in the Old Testament.
Examining the parallel development of the Greek text and the
Hebrew, the author attributes the chronological discrepancy between
the oldest Greek text forms and the Masoretic text to a change from
the chronological system found in the Hebrew "Vorlagen" of the Old
Greek and proto-Lucian texts to the newer system of the Masoretic
text. The greatest difference between the two systems is found in
the period from Omri to Jehu, where the pattern of regional
formulae is worked into the narratives concerning Elijah and
Elisha. The author concludes that the reason for the change to the
newer Masoretic system was the desire to be able, from a
chronological viewpoint, to identify Jehoshaphat as the King of
Judah in the narrative of the Moabite campaign, an identification
that was not possible in the older Greek chronology.
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