Carbon dioxide, bicarbonate ion, and carbonate ion comprise the
most important acid-base system in natural waters, and the
equilibria between them regulate the pH of seawater, as well as
most rainwater, stream water, river water, and groundwater. Carbon
Dioxide Equilibria and Their Applications provides a clear, compact
presentation of this topic, which is central to geochemistry and
environmental engineering. It emphasizes a rigorous mathematical
and thermodynamic basis for calculations and their application to
realistic problems. The book's first four chapters present the
basic equations, mathematical techniques for visualizing and
manipulating them, and data on equilibrium constants and activity
coefficients. These are presented in the general context of
acid-base titration and solubility of CaCO3. The remaining chapters
show how these concepts and techniques are applied to geochemistry
and oceanography, in addition to their applications to water
conditioning. Specific topics discussed include acid rain,
freshwater, seawater, carbonate sediments in the deep oceans, the
effects of increased atmospheric CO2 on the oceans, estuarine
waters, brines, hydrothermal solutions, pH adjustment, prediction
of calcium carbonate saturation, corrosion inhibition, and water
softening.
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