Approximately 95 percent of the world's trade moves by containers,
primarily on large ships, but also on trains, trucks, and barges.
The system is efficient and economical, but vulnerable. Until
recently, theft and misuse have been as accepted as a cost of doing
business. However, the rise of terrorism and the possibility that a
container could be used to transport or actually be the delivery
vehicle for weapons of mass destruction (WMD) or high explosives
have made it imperative that the security of the shipping container
system be greatly improved. Aside from the direct effects of an
attack, the economic, social, and political consequences of a
significant disruption in the transport chain would be staggering.
In response to recent terrorist attacks the United States, the
European Union, and international organizations and industry have
instituted new measures to improve security in the shipping trade,
including some procedures on containers. These include bilateral
agreements involved in the Container Security Initiative (CSI) and
the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI). These measures are
useful, but shipping containers remain vulnerable. The authors,
building on work done by the National Defense University Center for
Technology and National Security Policy that formed the basis for
the CSI, recommend a comprehensive multilateral agreement on the
use of containers in international trade rather than numerous
bilateral agreements. Such a comprehensive solution requires a
worldwide approach, including improved tools, better information,
and cooperation among all stakeholders. Key components of the
system that need improving include th e bill of lading, seals,
controls and sensors at borders, ports, and other transfer points,
and the verification and sharing of information. The key objective
must be to verify more reliably the contents of containers, in
particular the absence of WMD, as well as their travel history This
paper recommends, as a key step in this approach, the development
and adoption of a comprehensive Code of Conduct that would be
globally recognized and enforced for such an important component of
global commerce. The implementation measures should provide
incentives for the industry involved to comply with the obligations
of the Code. The G8 and China, or the World Customs Organization,
could take the lead in negotiating a global agreement on container
security. A draft outline of such a Code is presented in the Annex
to this Report.
General
Imprint: |
Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
|
Country of origin: |
United States |
Release date: |
July 2012 |
First published: |
July 2012 |
Authors: |
Jenifer Mackby
• Bernard Sitt
• Andre Poucet
|
Dimensions: |
280 x 216 x 2mm (L x W x T) |
Format: |
Paperback - Trade
|
Pages: |
38 |
ISBN-13: |
978-1-4781-9490-3 |
Categories: |
Books
Promotions
|
LSN: |
1-4781-9490-1 |
Barcode: |
9781478194903 |
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