Can terrorism and state violence cause democratic break- downs?
Although the origins of violence have been studied, only rarely are
its consequences. And even when the consequences of violence are
studied, its effects are usually limited to consideration of
preexisting conflict that originally spawned the violence. In
Terrorism and Democratic Stability, Jennifer S. Holmes claims that
to understand the consequences of violence on democratic stability,
terrorism and state responses to terrorism must be studied
together.
Holmes examines the effects of terrorism and state repression on
democratic stability in Uruguay, Peru, and Spain. The result is a
detailed empirical study set in these locations, placed within an
overall theoretical framework. In Uruguay in 1973, the military
closed the national assembly and instituted over a decade of
authoritarian rule. In spite of seventy years of prior democracy,
Uruguayans did not protest. In Peru in April 1992, Peruvian
president Alberto Fujimori dissolved the congress and the
judiciary. Eighty percent of Peruvians approved of his self-coup.
In Spain, the troubled democracy survived an attempted coup in
February 1981. Large demonstrations broke out in major cities in
favor of democracy. More than three-quarters of Spaniards rejected
the coup and almost half said they would act to defend democracy.
Why did Uruguayans and Peruvians withhold support for their
democracies? Why did the Spaniards defend theirs? This study, which
begins conceptually and then moves on to comparative empirical
analysis, adopts an innovative approach, identifying a new concept
of citizen support as a key factor in the consequences of terrorism
and repression on democratic stability. The study of Spain is set
within a European Union context that provides important lessons for
other EU countries.
This book will be of interest to scholars and students of
democratic systems, terrorism, and the philosophy of science.
General
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