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Weighing Lives (Hardcover, New)
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Weighing Lives (Hardcover, New)
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We are often faced with choices that involve the weighing of
people's lives against each other, or the weighing of lives against
other good things. These are choices both for individuals and for
societies. A person who is terminally ill may have to choose
between palliative care and more aggressive treatment, which will
give her a longer life but at some cost in suffering. We have to
choose between the convenience to ourselves of road and air travel,
and the lives of the future people who will be killed by the global
warming we cause, through violent weather, tropical disease, and
heat waves. We also make choices that affect how many lives there
will be in the future: as individuals we choose how many children
to have, and societies choose tax policies that influence people's
choices about having children. These are all problems of weighing
lives. How should we weigh lives? Weighing Lives develops a
theoretical basis for answering this practical question. It extends
the work and methods of Broome's earlier book Weighing Goods to
cover the questions of life and death. Difficult problems come up
in the process. In particular, Weighing Lives tackles the
well-recognized, awkward problems of the ethics of population. It
carefully examines the common intuition that adding people to the
population is ethically neutral - neither a good nor a bad thing -
but eventually concludes this intuition cannot be fitted into a
coherent theory of value. In the course of its argument, Weighing
Lives examines many of the issues of contemporary moral theory: the
nature of consequentialism and teleology; the transitivity,
continuity, and vagueness of betterness; the quantitative
conception of wellbeing; the notion of a life worth living; the
badness of death; and others. This is a work of philosophy, but one
of its distinctive features is that it adopts some of the precise
methods of economic theory (without introducing complex
mathematics). Not only philosophers, but also economists and
political theorists concerned with the practical question of
valuing life, should find the book's conclusions highly significant
to their work.
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