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Theories of Distributive Justice (Paperback, Revised)
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Theories of Distributive Justice (Paperback, Revised)
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Equally at home in economic theory and political philosophy, John
Roemer has written a unique book that critiques economists'
conceptions of justice from a philosophical perspective and
philosophical theories of distributive justice from an economic
one. He unites the economist's skill in constructing precise,
axiomatic models with the philosopher's in exploring the
assumptions of those models. His synthesis will enable philosophers
and economists to engage each other's ideas more fruitfully. Roemer
first shows how economists' understanding of the fairness of
various resource allocation mechanisms can be enriched. He extends
the theory of social choice to show how individual preferences can
be aggregated into social preferences over various economic
alternatives. He critiques the standard applications of axiomatic
bargaining theory to distributive justice, showing that they ignore
information on available resources and preference orderings. He
puts these variables in the models, which enables him to generate
resource allocation mechanisms that are more consonant with our
intuitions about distributive justice. He then critiques
economists' theories of utilitarianism and examines the question of
the optimal population size in a world of finite resources. Roemer
explores the major new philosophical concepts of the theory of
distributive justice - primary goods, functionings and capability,
responsibility in its various forms, procedural versus outcome
justice, midfare - and shows how they can be sharpened and
clarified with the aid of economic analysis. He critiques and
extends the ideas of major contemporary theories of distributive
justice, including those of Rawls, Sen, Nozick, andDworkin.
Beginning from the recent theories of Richard Arneson and G. A.
Cohen, he constructs a theory of equality of opportunity. Theories
of Distributive Justice contains important and original results,
but it can also be used as a graduate-level text in economics and
philosophy.
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