Written during the height of the ecology movement, " The Ecological
Transition " is a stunning interdisciplinary work. It combines
anthropology, ecology, and sociology to formulate an understanding
of cultural-environmental relationships. While anthropologists have
been studying relationships between humans and the physical
environment for a very long time, only in the last thirty years
have questions inherent in these relationships broadened beyond
description and classification. For example, the concept of
environment has been extended beyond the physical into the social.
Although anthropologists have adopted many of the concepts that
Bennett develops in the book, he also feels that the central issues
have never been addressed, either by anthropologists or by people
in related disciplines. The most important of these, in Bennett's
opinion, is the failure to incorporate a respect for the
environmental in contemporary culture, which would allow making
exceptions in certain human practices in order to protect the
environment. His point in " The Ecological Transition " is that a
basic cultural change in modern civilization is necessary to
achieve this end.
Both a theoretical and a practical work, " The Ecological
Transition " emphasizes the relationships between human culture,
the physical environment, technology, and social policy. " The
Ecological Transition " is a challenging volume that makes us face
the consequences of human behavior in the modern world: its effect
on pollution, natural resources, agriculture, the economy, and
population, to name just a few areas. The book remains a
significant contribution to the discourse on social, economic, and
environmental problems. While the book was first published in 1976,
it still reads as a contemporary tract.
" John W. Bennett " is emeritus professor of anthropology at
Washington University, St. Louis. He has served as president of the
American Ethnological Society and the Society for Applied
Anthropology, and has been a member of the editorial boards of the
" Annual Review of Anthropology " and " Reviews in Anthropology. "
He is the author of " Classic Anthropology: Critical Essays,
1944-1996 " and " Human Ecology as Human Behavior: Essays in
Environmental and Development Anthropology ," both published by
Transaction.
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