This book provides an overview of The Joint Polar Satellite System
(JPSS) and the Geostationary Operational Environmental
Satellite-R(GOES-R) programs, which are meant to replace current
operational satellites. Both are considered critical to the United
States' ability to maintain the continuity of data required for
weather forecasting. Since the 1960s, the United States has used
both polar-orbiting and geostationary satellites to observe the
earth and its land, oceans, atmosphere, and space environments.
Polar-orbiting satellites constantly circle the earth in an almost
north-south orbit, providing global coverage of conditions that
affect the weather and climate. As the earth rotates beneath it,
each polar-orbiting satellite views the entire earth's surface
twice a day. In contrast, geostationary satellites maintain a fixed
position relative to the earth from a high orbit of about 22,300
miles in space. Both types of satellites provide a valuable
perspective of the environment and allow observations in areas that
may be otherwise unreachable.
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