This research addressed two important issues concerning
conservation of orang-utans in Indonesia, the prevalence of
diseases in orang-utans at reintroduction centres and the extent of
intra-subspecific genetic variation between isolated populations of
Bornean orang-utans. The research was conducted at the Wanariset
Orang-utan Reintroduction Centre in East Kalimantan from 1994 to
1997, and at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre in the
Netherlands in 1998. Studies were designed to identify and
determine the prevalence of diseases, specifically
gastro-intestinal parasites, tuberculosis and certain viral
diseases. Further studies defined the factors associated with
mortalities of orang-utans at the reintroduction centre. A
molecular study using mitochondrial DNA was undertaken to determine
whether there was significant genetic diversity between six
isolated populations of wild orang-utans within Borneo. It was
concluded that there are at least four genetically distinct
populations of Bornean orang-utans. The findings of this research
are discussed in terms of the implications for management policies
for reintroduction centres, as well as for the conservation of wild
populations.
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