A translating dictionary, like this one, is a practical dictionary
that translates words in existing texts. It does not, as a rule,
provide descriptions or explanations, nor does it set norms of how
words should be spelled. The aim of dictionary users can be either
to understand the source language (the language of the headwords)
or to translate it into the target language(the language of the
translation equivalents). The user's first language can be either
the source language or the target language. This makes for four
possible types of interlingual dictionaries (descriptive,
prescriptive, or translating).
Existing Latvian-English dictionaries indicate that they are
intended for users whose first language is Latvian and whose
purpose is to translate it into English. This dictionary is
intended primarily for users whose first language is English and
who wish to understand texts written in Latvian. This, of course,
does not preclude Latvian speakers from using it to translate from
Latvian into English, i.e., to produce English texts.
English-speaking Latvians may, in fact, find it helpful for
accurate and natural translation.
Other features of this dictionary are: the number of entries(over
106,000), which is more than double that of any other
Latvian-English dictionary; the use of American rather than British
English; an extensive coverage of technical terms from all fields
of science and technology; the comprehensive inclusion of spelling
variants; and the inclusion of colloquialisms, common speech words,
vulgar terms, slang, barbarisms, selected regionalisms, and terms
found in folkloric language. A dictionary of Latvian proverbs is
included in the back.
The entries of this dictionary were collected from various extant
monolingual and bilingual Latvian dictionaries, general and
specialized: spelling dictionaries, technical dictionaries,
etymological dictionaries, general encyclopedias, periodical
literature, and many Latvian speakers. Of the latter, I want to
single out the contribution of the late sea captain, Inats
Lejnieks. In his time, the captain had commanded full-rigged
sailing ships with Latvian crews, and he supplied the Latvian
equivalents of the names of sails and principal ropes, spars, and
part of the hull. I was fortunate to have captain Lejnieks share
his expertise with me as this material was not available anywhere
else.
General
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