Ten years have elapsed since the fall of the Berlin Wall, which
served as a fitting symbol for the end of the Cold War. That
historic juncture brought into question the main edifice of western
European security arrangements -- the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization -- that had served Alliance members so well since
NATO's founding in 1949. It also brought into question the
rationale for America's continued deep involvement in European
security affairs. With the gradual realization that the Russian
menace is essentially dead, at least for the next 10 to 15 years
and perhaps longer, and with NATO's missions having evolved well
beyond the original purpose of territorial defense, debate on both
sides of the Atlantic has begun to intensify concerning the vital
issue of where NATO should beheaded and America's relation to the
Alliance. To bring an array of informed voices to the debate, four
institutions -- the Office of the Assistant Vice Chief of Staff of
the U.S. Army, the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War
College, the Irving B. Harris Graduate School of Public Policy
Studies of the University of Chicago, and the Program on
International Security Policy at the University of Chicago joined
hands to sponsor a symposium titled The Future of U.S. Military
Presence in Europe," held at the University of Chicago on 4 August
1999. The present book is an outgrowth of this symposium. It is not
designed to set forth a literal record of words and events in the
mold of the traditional symposium "proceedings," but rather is
organized as an anthology of individual chapters complemented by
selected questions, answers, and comments by symposium participants
and attendees. The symposium opening address by Deputy Secretary of
Defense John Hamre (Chapter 1) and the keynote address by the
Supreme Allied Commander Europe General Wesley Clark (Chapter 2)
cogently set the stage for discussion. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 address
the first panel topic, "Is Europe Still Strategically Important to
the United States? Chapters 6, 7, and 8 tackle the second topic,
Potential New Missions for NATO in the 21st Century, while Chapters
9, 10, and 11 are devoted to the last topic, What Type of Deployed
Forces Does the United States Require to Meet Its Commitments in
Europe? Noteworthy among the commentaries is the wrap-up by General
Crosbie E. Saint (USA Ret.). As Commander in Chief of U.S. Army
Europe during the period of the Gulf War, General Saint supplied
the U.S. Army VII Corps, nominally slated as an element of NATO
forces, to the coalition command that executed Operation DESERT
STORM.
General
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